SpringCloud教程第6篇:config(F版本)

2018/08/06

在上一篇文章讲述zuul的时候,已经提到过,使用配置服务来保存各个服务的配置文件。它就是Spring Cloud Config。

一、简介

在分布式系统中,由于服务数量巨多,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,实时更新,所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中(即本地),也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中,分两个角色,一是config server,二是config client。

二、构建Config Server

父maven工程省略,父pom文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <modules>
        <module>config-server</module>
        <module>config-client</module>
    </modules>

    <name>sc-f-chapter6</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

   
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

创建一个spring-boot项目,取名为config-server,其pom.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
		<artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能,代码如下:


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}


需要在程序的配置文件application.properties文件配置以下:

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=



  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git仓库地址
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置仓库路径
  • spring.cloud.config.label:配置仓库的分支
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:访问git仓库的用户名
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:访问git仓库的用户密码

如果Git仓库为公开仓库,可以不填写用户名和密码,如果是私有仓库需要填写,本例子是公开仓库,放心使用。

远程仓库https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ 中有个文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一个属性:

foo = foo version 3

启动程序:访问http://localhost:8888/foo/dev

{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":"master",
"version":"792ffc77c03f4b138d28e89b576900ac5e01a44b","state":null,"propertySources":[]}

证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

  • /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
  • /{application}-{profile}.yml
  • /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
  • /{application}-{profile}.properties
  • /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

三、构建一个config client

重新创建一个springboot项目,取名为config-client,其pom文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-client</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
		<artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

其配置文件bootstrap.properties

spring.application.name=config-client
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/
server.port=8881

  • spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
  • spring.cloud.config.profile
    • dev开发环境配置文件
    • test测试环境
    • pro正式环境
  • spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

程序的入口类,写一个API接口“/hi”,返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值,代码如下:

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Value("${foo}")
	String foo;
	@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
	public String hi(){
		return foo;
	}
}


打开网址访问:http://localhost:8881/hi,网页显示:

foo version 3

这就说明,config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性,而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图:

Azure (2).png

本文源码下载: https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/sc-f-chapter6

四、参考资料

http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70037291

http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Finchley.RELEASE/single/spring-cloud.html

本文为原创文章,转载请标明出处。
本文链接:http://blog.fangzhipeng.com/springcloud/2018/08/06/sc-f6-config.html
本文出自方志朋的博客


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